Ramthienghlim
Varte*
Pathienin
Hmar hnam ni dinga a mi siem, tawng mawi em em el a mi pek hih Hmar ei nina
suklangtu a ni leiin a hlu a, ei inzapui ding an naw a, inza taka chawisang,
sukhmasawn le humhal tlat chuh ei mawphurna le ei liengkova innghat lieu lieu a
nih. Ei Tawnga inthawkin ei hnam min an hriet ngei ding a nih.
Tuipuiral ram
hla taka inthawk mingo missionarihai hmanga Krista chanchintha Lusei rama (Lushai
Hills)a hung lut hnung hunsawt an vawi hman hman chanchintha vabuchawi chuh
thawk-le-khat lovin Manipur tlangrama hnamchawm Hmarhai lai a hung invawr lut
ta pei a. Pu Tlangval tia hriet lar Pu Watkin R.Roberts hmangin Tarik Ni 5, February 1910-in Hmar biel Senvawn khuo,
Manipur-ah hringna chan huomin a hung phurlut tah a. Pu Tlangval chun zantieng tlungin Pu Hrangthang inah an nghat a, a zing (
Pathienni) 6, February 1910 chun Senvawn-Kawnzar tuolzawlah Johan 3:16 Pathienin Khawvel a hmangai em ema
chuongchun…. ti a tiem zovin “ Tuta inthawk chuh Pathien thu lo awi ta ro”
tiin a thuhril a suktawp a nih (In search of Indentity: Hmars of NE India,
p-48-49). Chu zo thla thum hnungah Tirko pathum - Thangchhinpuia,Vanzika le
Savawmahai chuh Senvawn khuoah rawngbawlna sin tana Inchukna Skul hawng dingin
a hung tir a. An ni chun May 7, 1910-in
Senvawn an tlung a, Skul an hawng tan nghal a nih. Skul subject po po Lusei
tawng a ni a, hla khawm Lusei tawng vawng a sak a nih. Hi taka inthawk Hmar
bielah lekha inchuk theina a um tan tah a. Chu zar chun thlarau damna chau ni
lovin taksa khawsaknaa khawm hmasawnna ropui tak ei hung nei tan a. Chuonga ei
khawsakna le khawtlangin hma a sawn ruol ruolin ei Hmar tawng khawm a um tawk
tawk bik chuong naw a.
Lusei
Hills-a hung lut hmasa Welsh missionary-hai chun Lusei tawng ni lo tawng dang
dang hmang mi tamtak an um ti an hriet a. Kum 1914 March thla khan Rev F. J.
Sandey le a nuhmei chun Hmar tawnga Pathien lekhabu sut nuomna lungril an nei
tlat el a. Pu Thanga le Thangkhuphai inthlawppuiin Lusei hawrawp hmangin Chanchintha
Marka ziek chuh Hmar tawngin an inlet a. Baibul Society’n chu lekhabu chuh 1920
khan a sut pek ta nghe nghe a. Hi lekhabu hi Hmar tawnga inlet sut hmasatak a ni
leiin Hmar Literature intanna ti thei a nih (History
of Hmar Literature p-163). Hi hawrawp hmangin Hmar tawng khawm ei hung inchuk
ta pei a nih.
Hmar
tawnga Marka ziek sut a ni ti Hmar nauha’n an hung hriet chun an ngaina em em
a, a tiem thei taphawtin an inchawk a, lekha inchuk velohai chuh an tiem pek a,
Pathien thu chuh mani tawng ngeiin an inhrilsawng thei tah a. Chuongchun, ei
Hmar hla kungpuihai khawma Pathien thlarau malsawmna ropui tak tak an dawnghai
thlarau tieng chawmna hla Hmar tawng ngeiin a bua siemkhawp hla 30 chuong zet
an hung phuok a, a tam lem chuh Pu Thangngur hlaphuok a ni nghe nghe a. Hmar
Kristien hla Bu tiin Rev H.K.Dohnun-in a sut man khawm a tum pek nghe nghe a.
Hi hlabu hih Hmar Literature inthanglien peina dinga sirbi pawimaw tak chuh
nih.
Rev.
F.J.Sandey rawia Hmar tawnga an lo sut chanchintha Marka ziek chu 1932 chun an
sut nawk a. Chun, 1923-a Hmar Kristien hla Bu Rev. H.K.Dohnunin a sut pek tah
khawm chuh kum 1928 khan Bu 500 an sut nawk a. Hmar hla 100 a tling tep tah a,
kum 1937 khan Bu 2000 an sut nawk a, hla 200 a tling a, Kum 1945 khan bu 4000
sut a ni nawk a hla dang dang inlet belsa
leh hla 308 a tling tah.
Hmar
tawnga hlaphuok khawm a hung tam deu deu a. A hmaa Independent Kohran hlabu le
Hmar Kristien hlabu chauh ei nei hlak kha hlabu dang dang hieng - Lawrkhawm
Hlabu, Lenruol Hlabu, Ramthar Hlabu, Tienlai le Tulai Hlabu tihai a hung pieng
nawk ta pei a. Kum 1990 lai vel khan hla tuolto ringawt khawm 2000 bawr vel
Hmar tawngin a lo um phak tah a nih.
Kum 1927-a Rev.
Dohnunin Director of Public Instructor (DPI), Assam-a inthawk Lakhipur Mission
Middle School–a exam phalna a hmu a, Hmar Primer BUBUL khawm a lo siem bawk a. Chun, H.L.Sela’n a buotsai lekhabu
‘Bu Hmasa’ le Dr Thanglungin a siem ‘Inchuk Bu ‘ chite te pahni chu keikawpin “BU HMASA” ti lekhabu chu 1945 khan an
sut a. Buotsaitu Dr Thanglung le Pastor H.L.Sela tia inchuon a nih. A phut hlim
chun hi lekhabu hih Naupang Sunday Skulah hmang a nih a. Chun Skulah inchuk a
hung ni ta pei a. Bu Hmasa inchuk zo naupang chun Baibul le Hlabu an tiem thei
nghal pei leiin an tangkaipui em em. Hi lekhabu hin tuta hmaa Lusei tawnga ziek
Zirtirbu chu a hung lan a, mani tawng ngeiin Hmar nauha’n lekha an hung inchuk
thei tah a nih.
HMAR LITERATURE SOCIETY A PIENG :
Bu hmasa thangsana
Hmar nauha’n Baibul le Hlabu an tiem thei ringawt chu Dr Thanglung chun huntawkin
a hriet naw a, inchukna tienga hmathlir sei tak neiin le hieng neka hma ei
sawnna ding ngaituo’n ama inrawina hnuoiah puhai-Mahajon Hmaipawng, Compounder
K.Luoia le Compounder Nguna inrawn tlangin September
25, 1945 khan Hmar Literature Society (HLS) an hung phun tah a nih (cf–History of Hmar Literature p-188 and Constitution
of the Hmar Literature Society, First Edition published by the Hmar Association
for the HLS – 1958). Hieng hun laia HLS indin hih India Hmar sak ram state
dang dang a pienghma undivided Assam-a ei um lai a ni leiin hmun tina Hmarhai
po po huopa an lo indin a nih. Thei ang anga pawisa thawkhawmin Society chuh an
enkawl pei a, hi Society sirsana hmangin Dr Thanglung chun Skul subject ding
hieng - Hriselna kawng (1949), Sierkawp Bu (1950), Geometry Bu (1950), Leihnuoi
Ram Thu (1951), Thanglung’s English-Hmar Dictionary (1952) le Mrs Lalkim-in a
siem Natna enkawl Dan (1950) sut a ni a. Hieng lekhabuhai hmangin Mission
Skulah Hmar tawnga lekha inchukna sunzawm pei
a hung ni tah.
HMAR STUDENT’S ASSOCIATION (HSA) A PIENG :
Hmar nauhai
chu High Skul kai an hung pung pei a, tawng sukhmasawn le humhal a tulzie an
hung hriet zuol a, thiemna tienga intlansiekna chang an hung hriet ta pei leiin
Imphal-a lekha inchukhai chun hnam pumhuopa Student Association indin tumin
Ngurte, Manipur-ah kum 1939 khan an inkhawm a. October Ni 3, 1939-in Hmar Student’s Association (HSA) ti hi a hung
pieng nawk tah a. Chun Hmar tawnga
inhrietpaw zung zung theina chanchinbu nei a tha tiin kum 1941 khan thla tina
suok “HMASAWNNA” an hung insuo tan
a. Hmuntin ram tina thil tlung le mipui hriet dinga thil tangkai tamtak hi
chanchinbu hin a’n suo thei tah a. Hih Hmar tawnga chanchinbu suok hmasatak a
nih.
Hunsawtnawte
hnung chun inchuklaihai tading bika chanchinbu nei ve an nuom leiin HSA chun
kum 1952-a inthawk thla tina suok “
INCHUKLAI NUN” a hung insuo nawk ta
a. Hi hnung hin Kohran pawl dang dang a hung pieng suok a, thla tin suok
Magazine Kohran tin deu thaw’n ei hung nei nawk ta pei a.
Kum 1956 khan
Manipur-a Tribal tawng hrang hranghai humhalna le sukhmasawnna ding le
inzawmin sawrkarin lekha No G-TW/3/56
Dated 25 June 1956 an suo a. Chu lekha ngaituo ding chun Hmar Leader iemanizat
Dr Thanglung-a In Lamka-ah October 1, 1956-in an inthungkhawm a, Hmar
Literature Society memberhai bakah Puhai-J.Lungawi, Z.Nghinglo, R.K.Hmar,
H.K.Khawlkung, H.F.Nghaka, Liensangvung, H.B.Duma, K Luoia le L.Tawna an lak
belsa a. Central Advisory Board, Manipur sawrkarah Hmar tawng inchukna le inzawma palai dingin Dr Thanglung
le Pu H.L.Daka an ruot a. Manipur sawrkarin No. E-FP/25. Dated 10, September
1956 chun order insuo’n, Tribal Skula hmang ding text-bookhai chuh October 31,
1956 hma ngeia DI (TR) kuoma peklut ding ti a nih. Chun, Secretary (TWD), Govt.
of Manipur kuomah lekhabu 30 an pek lut a, an rang thei anga pawm dingin an
ngenna an siem nghal bawk a.
R.Luikham DI (Tr) lekha No E.FP/25-4/153 Dated
31, July 1957 dungzuiin Hmar tawng Skul-a inchuk theina ding Tribal dialect
pasarihai laia pakhat a ni thu chieng takin a hung tarlang a. Hmar tawnga sut
lekhabu 40 vel ei nei tah leiin Manipur Tribalhai laia lekhabu mal hau tak ei
nih.
Hmar
tawnga primary skul chen ei inchuk thei hnung chun ei mithiem thenkhatin
lekhabu an hung siem tan a. Chun, Hmar chanchin ti lekhabu chu 1957 khan Pu
Hranglien Songate’n a hung siem bawk a. Hi kum bawk hin HSA hnuchak iemani chen
lo invawi tah keihar tumin Pu H.K.Khawlkung a thuoina hnuoiah Conference Rengkai,
Manipur-ah an nei a, Hmar tawng lekhabu M.E. Skul chena ding buoipuia sut nghal
dingin theitawpin hma an hung lak a. Mission Skulah hmang theiin a hung um nawk
ta a, chubakah ‘INCHUKLAI NUN’ khawm sut thar a hung ni nawk ta pei a nih.
HMAR MODERN INDIAN LANGUAGE (MIL)-MANIPUR :
Hmar tawng
chun hma a hung sawn pei a, 1968 khan hieng - Hmar, Paite, Thangkhul, Thadou,
le Mizo tawnghai Manipur sawrkarin Major Tribal dialect-in a hung puong a. M.E.
Skul-a inchuk dingin a hung pawm ta pei a. Chu le inzawmin Hmar Literature
Society chun theitawpin thang a hung lak nawk ta a. Sawrkarin lekhabu siem le
suttuhai ta dingin publication grants a
hung pek ta bawk leh lekhabu Hmar tawnga ziek le sut Manipur sunga chauh khawm
bu 200 bawr vel zet a lo tlingphak tah a.
Amiruokchu,
primary-a inthawk pawl VIII chen Hmar tawnga inchuk a la ni naw leiin hmasawn
thei rak lovin ei um a. Kum 1990 hnunga Manipur sawrkarin pawl VIII chena
inchuk ding Hmar tawng text-book a hung pawm pek ta leiin Board of Secondary
Education, Manipur hnuoiah MIL chu nawr tan a hung ni nawk tah a. BSEM a
inthawk Hmar tawnga siem Bibliography an rang thei anga submit ding a hung ti
a. Chuongchun, ei hotuhai chun lekhabu an lak khawm vat vat a, June 25,1995
khan Hmar tawnga ziek lekhabu 420 Bibliography chuh Board Office-ah an submit
a. Secretary, BSEM chun a enfel vawng a, Hmarha’n literature ei nei phuisui hle
a nih ti an hriet hnungin Pawl X chen MIL nei theina text-book siem dingin thu
a hung pek tah a. Chuongchun Hmar Literature Society chun Pawl IX le X-a hmang
dingin text-bookhai chu a buotsai nawk a. Kum hni sungin a zofel vawng a, Pawl
X chena Hmar MIL inchuk phalna chu kum 1998 khan pek ei hung ni tah.
Chawl lovin
Hmar Literature Society chun hma a lak zawm pei leiin Pawl XI le XII inchuk ding
Hmar MIL text-book ding khawm a hung inpei fel nawk ta pei a. Kum 2000-a hmang
tan dingin Hmar tawng chu Council of Higher Secondary Education, Manipur-in MIL
paper dingin an mi pawmpek nawk tah a. A hmaa Hmar tawnga ziek lekhabuhai
Bibliography thangsana hmangin Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal-a thuneituhai kuomah ei hung nawr tan nawk ta
pei a. Hmar tawng Degree level chena inchuk ding text-bookhai buotsaiin Manipur
University, Imphal-a Department of Human Studies (Humanities)-a submit a ni a.
July 9, 2002 khan Hmar tawnga Degree level chena inchuk dingin Manipur
University chun a mi lo remti pek nawk tah a. Kum 2003 Academic Session-a
inthawk Hmar MIL chu College a khawm inchuk tan a lo ni tah.
HMAR LITERATURE SOCIETY, ASSAM :
Kum 1927-a Pu
Dohnunin Director of Public Instruction (DPI), Assam-a inthawk Lakhipur Mission
Middle Skul-a exam phalna a hmu a, Assam khawpui khawm Shillong a la ni lai
khan Elementary Education Board (Lower Primary)-ah Hmar tawng Medium of
Instruction dingin phalna hmu a lo ni
der tah a. Hi lei hin Cachar le N.C.Hilss District, Assam-a Hmar khuo tam takah
Hmar Medium Skul ei hung nei tah a. Naupangin mani tawng an inchuk el chau ni
lovin Hmar tawng recognition a nina zarin Pawl sawm khawm sir phaklo mi tam
takin Teacher sin hmuphana’n an hung hmang tah a. Hienga Literature le
Education tieng hma ei hung sawn peina leiin enkaitu le hmathuoitu ding HMAR LITERATURE SOCIETY, ASSAM chu January
24, 1978 khan indin a hung ni tah a. Text-book, translation le MIL thua
theitawpin sawrkar an hung indawrpui a. Kum 1979 khan Middle Skul level-a Hmar
tawng inchuk phalna ei hung hmu nawk a. M.E.Skul-a iemani zat Hmar Middle
Vernacular Skul-a thlengin a hung um nawk ta pei a nih.
HMAR MODERN INDIAN LANGUAGE (MIL) – ASSAM :
Hmar
Literature Society, Assam le Hmar Students’ Association chun Assam rama Hmar
MIL thua nawrtu ding bik Hmar MIL Monitoring Committee indinin Guwahati-a
beipui an hung thlak a. Chu zar pei chun Board of Secondary Education, Assam
(SEBA) chun ‘Hmar MIL chu 2006-in Class VIII le Class IX inchuk tan thei ding
le kum 2007-ah Class X-ah inchuk ning a ta, 2008-ah HSLC Exam-ah Hmar MIL full
paper-ah pe thei an tih’ tiin Assam sawrkar chun thusuok a hung siem tah a.
Chuong anga fe peiin 2008 HSLC exam
ei hang nei a, first division le Hmar MIL a letter marks hmu tamtak an hung um
pha tah a. Anundoram Barooah Award dawnga Computer set hmuphana damin
naupanghai chun an hung nei ta pei a nih. Higher Secondary School course
2008-09 Academic Session-a XI le XII inchuk phalna ei hung hmu nawk ta pei a.
Assam Chief Minister-in Higher Secondary-a first division a passhai Laptop pek
an tiem angin 2012-a inthawk Hmar MIL ei neina zarin naupang tam takin Computer
le Laptophai dam an hung dawng pha ta pei a. Nu le Pa le hnam thuoituhai a
sukphur zuol a. HSA, HLS le Inpui thuoituhai thahnemngaina zarin Assam
University, Silchar hnuoia Degree level
chena dingin Hmar MIL chuh kum 2010-2011
Academic Session-a inthawk inchuk le exam phalna ei hung hmu nawk ta pei a. Hmar MIL hi ei
naupanghai chau ni lovin Thadou-Kuki, Biete, Hrangkhawl, Vaiphei, Naga, Khasi,
Bru, Chorai le dang dang Nepali le Vaihai chen khawma inchukin division tha tha
hmuphana’n an hung nei ta pei a nih.
Central le
State level-a inchukna insang hieng–Teacher, Scientist, Doctor, Engineer, le
professional subject le displine dang dang inchuk nuomhai ta ding khawma lampui
a hung inhawng pei a, ei lawm em em a nih. Teacher Eligibility Test (TET)
examnaa Hmar tawng hi Language-I subject pakhata um a ni ta leiin kum 2011-12
TET examnaa hlawtling tamtak khah Hmar
Language Paper-I petuhai an hung ni nawk ta pei a. Assam Public Service
Commission (APSC) hnuoia ACS, APS, AFS etc. ei officer lien kum tina
Departmental Examnaa sukhlawtling rawptu chu Hmar Language Paper-I a lo
thangvena zar a nih ei ti naw thei nawh. Inthuruol taka HLS, Assam hmalakna a
fe tluong pei thei a ni chun ME/High/HS School le College-haia Teacher/Lecturer
sin tamtak la hung inhawng pei dingin beiseina insangtak ei nei a nih.
HMAR LITERATURE SOCIETY, MEGHALAYA :
Meghalaya
state-a Hmarhai hih hnam dang dang kara khawsa an ni leiin tawng inchukna Skula
umve naw a, Saptawng Skul-a seilien deu dawng, inchuklaihai chau ni lovin nu le
pa kum 40 hnuoi tienghai hi an ni tlangpui
leiin tawng le ziek thei pherphuor, hre nelnuol hmang mumal thei lo chen
khawm an um. Ei Hmar hawrawp A AW B… hre lo le inchuk lo nana na chun tawng
thiem le ziek thiem danding a um naw reng a. Hienga ei fe pei chun thangtharhai
ngirhmun ding chuh ngaituo um tak a nih, tiin tawng hlutzie le humhal a tul zie
ngaituo’n mi thahnemngai iemanizat fekhawmin Pu Ramthienghlim Varte inrawina
hnuoia Tarik Ni 10, August 2014 khan Shillong-a HMAR LITERATURE SOCIETY, MEGHALAYA indin a ni a. Chairman sin chuh
tuhin a chel mek a nih.
Tarik Ni 30,
August 2014 khan Meghalaya-a Hnam pumhuopa organization hrang hranghai le
Kohran thuoituhai inhmukhawmin HLS-M lo indin hi tha an ti zie le theitawpa
thangtlanga hma la pei dingin hril tlangna an nei a. State danghai angin Hmar
tawnga subject inchukna School a um naw leiin Hmar tawng A AW B inchuk bu BU
HMASA Manipur-a mi incha’n Hmarhai
chengna khuo hieng- Sielkan, Khaddum, Lumshnong, Jowai, Shillonghai copy an dit ang peiin pek an ni a, an ni
remchang danin Pathienni Naupang Sunday School kohrana dam inchukna an nei.
Chun,
Co-ordination Committee, Jt. Hmar Literature Society (Assam, Manipur &
Mizoram)-a inthawk inhrietirna le fielna hmu angin November 18-19, 2014, Jt.
Hmar Literature Society (Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya) General Body Meet,
Rengkai, Churachandpur, Manipur-ah neina a khan Co-ordination Committee,
Chairman chun lawmlutna neiin hi Jt. Hmar Literature Society Co-ordination
Committee-ah HLS-M chuh a thangve tah a nih. Tuhin Meghalaya sawrkar hnuoiah
Registration thaw dingin buoipui mek a ni a, zofel thei el dinga um an tah.
HMAR
LITERATURE SOCIETY, MIZORAM :
Kum
2004 khan Upa Thansung inrawina hnuoia Hmar literature Society- Sakawrdai
(HLS-S) tia indin a ni a, registration khawm tha taka nei a nih. Mizoram
sawrkar le Hmar People’s Convention (HPC) inremna thuthlung angin Sinlung Hills
Development Council (SHDC) area, Mizoram sunga Hmar tawng inchukna primary level-a inthawk nei dinga le inzawma
hiengang HLS-S indin nisienkhawm inremna thuthlung duthusam ang taka thil a um
mumal thei naw zing leiin hma a sawn hlei thei naw a. Kum 2010 khan Hmar
Literature Society, Mizoram ti indin a hung ni nawk a. Registration thaw dingin
Mizoram sawrkarin a hmaa mihai le inbiek fel ngaiin a hriet a, chu ding chun
hma lak mek a nih (Source- Pu JC Tlangthansiama, Aizawl ).
HMAR HISTORY ASSOCIATION :
Hmar
chanchin hi mi tam takin ei ziek a, ei sui a, ei pal inthuk deu deu, ngai dan a
tam deu deu, pawm dan khawm an phir neng nung pei bawk. Chuonganga ei tobul
hrechieng nuoma thahnemngai le lekhathiem ei hung pung pei leiin lawm a um em
em a. Chuonghai chuh zawng le lak khawm pei a, ei pi le puhai kut hnung,
thurachi, thurosie le hnam ro laksawng thei le hmu theia umhai a tul ang peia
enkawl, sie tha le humhal tlat a, ei
hnam tobul le chanchin indik ni thei awm a inlang khawvel hrieta puonglang le
ei mithiem thangthar pei dinghai khawma doctorate degree chen an hmu pha thei
ding khawpa belbul thei khawp Hmar history buotsai a pawimaw em em a. Chuleiin,
Pu R.H.Hminglien, New Delhi hmalakna’n ei mithiem iemanizathai le inkhawmin
January 22,2016 khan NEREFS Committee Hall, Kharguli, Guwahati-ah Hmar History
Assopciation indin a ni a. President dingin Prof. Lal Dena, Imphal ruot a nih. Hmar chanchin hi bichieng tak tak
ding chun Hmar hnam kaupeng Thiek tawng hi a pawimaw ngei dinga a’n lang leiin
Hmar-Thiek tawng inchukna Bu siem rawt nghal a nih. HHA-in lekhabu a siem reng
reng English le Hmar tawnga publish pei a tum a nih.
Khawvela
Hmar hnam, Hmar tawng hmang chie hi ei tam bek bek naw a; amiruokchu, chanchintha zar ei zova, thlarau damna chauh ni lovin taksa khawsaknaa
ding khawma a bikin tawngah hnamin hma a sawnpui nasa em em a, ei lawm hle a.
Manipur le Assam state-a Universty level
chena inchuk theina ei nei hi a ropui takzet a nih. Thil dangah ei
inthuruol thei naw a ni khawmin tawng humhalna le an thanglien pei danding
ngaituoa a chawkchawrawi le lampui daltu ni lovin a neka hrat lemin pheikhai
inruol takin sukhmasawn tum ei tiu.
“TAWNG
A DAM CHUN
HNAM A DAM,
THANGRUOLIN,
LUNGRUOLIN HMATIENG FE PEI EI TIU”
References :
1.
Constitution of the Hmar Literature Society, First edition published by
the Hmar Association for the HLS. 1958.
2.
Lal Dena : In search of Identity: The Hmars of NE India, published by
M.P.Misra for Akanshas
Publishing House, New Delhi and Printed at Aryan Enterprises, Delhi.
2008.
3. Ngurte, S.N., Rosiem Pudaite Dr. History of Hmar Literature. Smart Tech Printer, Nehru Marg, Rengkai, Churachandpur-795 128,
Manipur. 2015.
4. SINLUNG
(HSA 55th General Assembly Souvenir, Muolhoi, Haflong), 2016.
Published by Lois Bet, Print & Publication Chanmari, Aizawl.
5. THURO (Quarterly Literary Journal of the
Hmar Literature Society ) Vol.XIII Issue No.1( January-March), 2016. Published
by Smart Tech Printer, Nehru Marg, Rengkai, Churachandpur795 128, Manipur.
*Hmar Student’s Association (HSA)
General Hqrs.ah President term thum 1982-84, 1984-86, 1986-88 a chel a, kum
1985 khan ama inrawina hnuoiah HYA indin
a ni a; kum 2014 khan ama inrawina hnuoia bawk Hmar Literature Society,
Meghalaya indin a nih. Tuhin Anthropological Survey of India, Ministry of
Culture, Govt. of India. North East Regional Centre, Shillongah Sr.
Anthropologist (P) & Head (CD) sinthawa um mek, ziekmi le hnam tadinga mi thahnemngai tak a nih.
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